Chuyển đổi một danh sách các danh sách vào một cuốn từ điển

Question

Tôi có tập tin dữ liệu, mà trông như thế này,

["Arts & Entertainment", "Arts & Entertainment/Animation & Comics", "Arts & Entertainment/Books & Literature", "Arts & Entertainment/Celebrity/Gossip", "Arts & Entertainment/Fine Art", "Arts & Entertainment/Humor", "Arts & Entertainment/Movies", "Arts & Entertainment/Movies/Action", "Arts & Entertainment/Movies/Comedy", "Arts & Entertainment/Movies/Documentary", "Arts & Entertainment/Movies/Drama", "Arts & Entertainment/Movies/Horror", "Arts & Entertainment/Music", "Arts & Entertainment/Music/Alternative Music", "Arts & Entertainment/Music/Blues", "Arts & Entertainment/Music/Christian Music", "Arts & Entertainment/Music/Classic Rock", "Arts & Entertainment/Music/Classical Music", "Arts & Entertainment/Music/Country Music", "Arts & Entertainment/Music/Electronic Dance Music", "Arts & Entertainment/Music/Heavy Metal", "Arts & Entertainment/Music/Pop Music", "Arts & Entertainment/Music/Rap", "Arts & Entertainment/Radio Stations", "Arts & Entertainment/Television", "Arts & Entertainment/Television/Game Show", "Arts & Entertainment/Television/Kids", "Arts & Entertainment/Television/News", "Arts & Entertainment/Television/Reality", "Arts & Entertainment/Television/Science", "Arts & Entertainment/Television/Sitcom", "Arts & Entertainment/Television/Soap Opera", "Arts & Entertainment/Television/Talk Show", "Autos", "Autos/4-Wheel Drive/SUVs", "Autos/Buying/Selling Cars", "Autos/Certified Pre-Owned", "Autos/Convertible", "Autos/Coupe", "Autos/Crossover", "Autos/Diesel", "Autos/Electric Vehicles", "Autos/Hatchback", "Autos/Hybrid", "Autos/Luxury", "Autos/Maintenance", "Autos/Maintenance/Parts", "Autos/Maintenance/Repair", "Autos/MiniVan", "Autos/Motorcycles", "Autos/Off-Road Vehicles", "Autos/Road-Side Assistance", "Autos/Sedan", "Autos/Trucks", "Autos/Trucks/Pickup", "Autos/Vintage Cars", "Autos/Wagon", "Business & Industry", "Business & Industry/Advertising", "Business & Industry/Agriculture", "Business & Industry/Biotech/Biomedical", "Business & Industry/Business Software", "Business & Industry/Construction", "Business & Industry/Construction/Composites & Plastics", "Business & Industry/Forestry", "Business & Industry/Government", "Business & Industry/Green Solutions", "Business & Industry/Human Resources", "Business & Industry/Logistics", "Business & Industry/Marketing", "Business & Industry/Metals", "Business & Industry/Non-Profit Organizations", "Business & Industry/Power Industry", "Business & Industry/Public Services", "Business & Industry/Public Services/Emergency Services", "Business & Industry/Public Services/Waste Management", "Business & Industry/Purchasing", "Business & Industry/Retail Industry", "Business & Industry/Small Business", "Business & Industry/Telecom", "Career", "Career/Career Planning", "Career/Job Search", "Career/Job Search/Resume Writing/Advice", "Career/Telecommuting", "Career/U.S. Military", "Education", "Education/Business School", "Education/College Education", "Education/College Education/Admissions", "Education/College Education/College Life", "Education/Continuing Education", "Education/Distance Learning", "Education/Financial Aid", "Education/Financial Aid/Scholarships", "Education/Graduate School", "Education/Homeschooling", "Education/Language Learning", "Education/Language Learning/English as a 2nd Language", "Education/Primary Education", "Education/Secondary Education", "Education/Special Education", "Finance & Money", "Finance & Money/Credit/Debt & Loans", "Finance & Money/Day Trading", "Finance & Money/Exchange Traded Funds", "Finance & Money/Financial News", "Finance & Money/Financial Planning", "Finance & Money/Financial Planning/Retirement Planning", "Finance & Money/Financial Planning/Tax Planning", "Finance & Money/Foreign Exchange Trading", "Finance & Money/Hedge Fund", "Finance & Money/Insurance", "Finance & Money/Investing", "Finance & Money/Mutual Funds", "Finance & Money/Options", "Finance & Money/Stocks", "Food & Drink", "Food & Drink/Barbecues & Grilling", "Food & Drink/Beverages", "Food & Drink/Beverages/Cocktails/Beer", "Food & Drink/Beverages/Coffee/Tea", "Food & Drink/Beverages/Wine", "Food & Drink/Cuisine-Specific", "Food & Drink/Cuisine-Specific/American Cusine", "Food & Drink/Cuisine-Specific/Cajun/Creole", "Food & Drink/Cuisine-Specific/Chinese Cuisine", "Food & Drink/Cuisine-Specific/French Cuisine", "Food & Drink/Cuisine-Specific/Italian Food", "Food & Drink/Cuisine-Specific/Japanese Food", "Food & Drink/Cuisine-Specific/Mexican Cuisine", "Food & Drink/Desserts & Baking", "Food & Drink/Health/LowFat Cooking", "Food & Drink/Organic Food", "Food & Drink/Vegetarian", "Health & Fitness", "Health & Fitness/A.D.D.", "Health & Fitness/AIDS/HIV", "Health & Fitness/Allergies", "Health & Fitness/Alternative Medicine", "Health & Fitness/Alzheimer\\'s Disease", "Health & Fitness/Arthritis", "Health & Fitness/Asthma", "Health & Fitness/Autism/PDD", "Health & Fitness/Bipolar Disorder", "Health & Fitness/Brain Tumor", "Health & Fitness/Cancer", "Health & Fitness/Cancer/Breast Cancer", "Health & Fitness/Cancer/Lung Cancer", "Health & Fitness/Cancer/Prostate Cancer", "Health & Fitness/Cholesterol", "Health & Fitness/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome", "Health & Fitness/Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease", "Health & Fitness/Chronic Pain", "Health & Fitness/Cold & Flu", "Health & Fitness/Deafness", "Health & Fitness/Dental Care", "Health & Fitness/Depression", "Health & Fitness/Dermatology", "Health & Fitness/Diabetes", "Health & Fitness/Epilepsy", "Health & Fitness/Exercise", "Health & Fitness/GERD/Acid Reflux", "Health & Fitness/Headaches/Migraines", "Health & Fitness/Heart Disease", "Health & Fitness/Heart Disease/Women\\'s Heart Disease", "Health & Fitness/Hepatitis", "Health & Fitness/Herbs for Health", "Health & Fitness/Holistic Healing", "Health & Fitness/Hypertension", "Health & Fitness/IBS/Crohn\\'s Disease", "Health & Fitness/Incest/Abuse Support", "Health & Fitness/Incontinence", "Health & Fitness/Infertility", "Health & Fitness/Men\\'s Health", "Health & Fitness/Nursing", "Health & Fitness/Nutrition", "Health & Fitness/Orthopedics", "Health & Fitness/Orthopedics/Sports Medicine", "Health & Fitness/Panic/Anxiety Disorders", "Health & Fitness/Pediatrics", "Health & Fitness/Pharmaceutical", "Health & Fitness/Physical Therapy", "Health & Fitness/Psychology/Psychiatry", "Health & Fitness/Senior Health", "Health & Fitness/Sexuality", "Health & Fitness/Sleep Disorders", "Health & Fitness/Smoking Cessation", "Health & Fitness/Substance Abuse", "Health & Fitness/Substance Abuse/Alcoholism", "Health & Fitness/Thyroid Disease", "Health & Fitness/Weight Loss", "Health & Fitness/Women\\'s Health", "Hobbies & Games", "Hobbies & Games/Arts & Crafts", "Hobbies & Games/Arts & Crafts/Beadwork", "Hobbies & Games/Arts & Crafts/Drawing/Sketching", "Hobbies & Games/Arts & Crafts/Needlework", "Hobbies & Games/Arts & Crafts/Painting", "Hobbies & Games/Arts & Crafts/Photography", "Hobbies & Games/Arts & Crafts/Woodworking", "Hobbies & Games/Astrology", "Hobbies & Games/Birdwatching", "Hobbies & Games/BoardGames/Puzzles", "Hobbies & Games/Candle & Soap Making", "Hobbies & Games/Card Games", "Hobbies & Games/Chess", "Hobbies & Games/Cigars", "Hobbies & Games/Collecting", "Hobbies & Games/Collecting/Antiques", "Hobbies & Games/Collecting/Book Collecting", "Hobbies & Games/Collecting/Miniatures", "Hobbies & Games/Collecting/Stamps & Coins", "Hobbies & Games/Creative Writing", "Hobbies & Games/Getting Published", "Hobbies & Games/Home Recording", "Hobbies & Games/Inventors & Patents", "Hobbies & Games/Learning a Musical Instrument", "Hobbies & Games/Learning a Musical Instrument/Guitar", "Hobbies & Games/Magic & Illusion", "Hobbies & Games/Paranormal Phenomena", "Hobbies & Games/Sci-Fi & Fantasy", "Hobbies & Games/Video Games", "Hobbies & Games/Video Games/Nintendo", "Hobbies & Games/Video Games/PSP", "Hobbies & Games/Video Games/Playstation", "Hobbies & Games/Video Games/RPG", "Hobbies & Games/Video Games/Racing", "Hobbies & Games/Video Games/X-Box", "Home & Garden", "Home & Garden/Appliances", "Home & Garden/Environmental Safety", "Home & Garden/Gardening/Landscaping", "Home & Garden/Home Repair", "Home & Garden/Interior Decorating", "News & Current Affairs", "News & Current Affairs/Law & Politics", "News & Current Affairs/Law & Politics/Immigration", "News & Current Affairs/Law & Politics/Legal Issues", "News & Current Affairs/Law & Politics/U.S. Government Resources", "Parenting & Family", "Parenting & Family/Adoption", "Parenting & Family/Babies & Toddlers", "Parenting & Family/Daycare/Pre-School", "Parenting & Family/Parenting Children", "Parenting & Family/Parenting Teens", "Parenting & Family/Pregnancy", "Parenting & Family/Special Needs Kids", "Pets", "Pets/Aquariums", "Pets/Cats", "Pets/Dogs", "Pets/Veterinary Medicine", "Real Estate", "Real Estate/Apartments", "Real Estate/Architecture", "Real Estate/Buying/Selling Homes", "Religion", "Religion/Alternative Religions", "Religion/Atheism/Agnosticism", "Religion/Buddhism", "Religion/Catholicism", "Religion/Christianity", "Religion/Hinduism", "Religion/Islam", "Religion/Judaism", "Religion/Latter-Day Saints", "Religion/Pagan/Wiccan", "Science", "Science/Astronomy", "Science/Biology", "Science/Chemistry", "Science/Geology", "Science/Physics", "Sensitive Content", "Sensitive Content/Gambling", "Sensitive Content/Gambling/Sports Gambling", "Society", "Society/Dating", "Society/Divorce", "Society/Gay Life", "Society/Marriage", "Society/Senior Living", "Society/Weddings", "Sports & Recreation", "Sports & Recreation/Auto Racing", "Sports & Recreation/Auto Racing/NASCAR Racing", "Sports & Recreation/Baseball", "Sports & Recreation/Basketball", "Sports & Recreation/Bicycling", "Sports & Recreation/Bicycling/Mountain Biking", "Sports & Recreation/Bodybuilding", "Sports & Recreation/Boxing", "Sports & Recreation/Canoeing/Kayaking", "Sports & Recreation/Cheerleading", "Sports & Recreation/Climbing", "Sports & Recreation/College Sports", "Sports & Recreation/Cricket", "Sports & Recreation/Figure Skating", "Sports & Recreation/Fishing", "Sports & Recreation/Fishing/Fly Fishing", "Sports & Recreation/Fishing/Freshwater Fishing", "Sports & Recreation/Fishing/Game & Fish", "Sports & Recreation/Fishing/Saltwater Fishing", "Sports & Recreation/Football", "Sports & Recreation/Golf", "Sports & Recreation/Horses", "Sports & Recreation/Horses/Horse Racing", "Sports & Recreation/Hunting/Shooting", "Sports & Recreation/Ice Hockey", "Sports & Recreation/Inline Skating", "Sports & Recreation/Martial Arts", "Sports & Recreation/Olympics", "Sports & Recreation/Paintball", "Sports & Recreation/Rodeo", "Sports & Recreation/Rugby", "Sports & Recreation/Running/Walking", "Sports & Recreation/Sailing", "Sports & Recreation/Scuba Diving", "Sports & Recreation/Skateboarding", "Sports & Recreation/Skiing", "Sports & Recreation/Snowboarding", "Sports & Recreation/Soccer", "Sports & Recreation/Surfing/Bodyboarding", "Sports & Recreation/Swimming", "Sports & Recreation/Table Tennis/Ping-Pong", "Sports & Recreation/Tennis", "Sports & Recreation/Volleyball", "Sports & Recreation/Waterski/Wakeboard", "Sports & Recreation/Yachting", "Style & Fashion", "Style & Fashion/Body Art", "Style & Fashion/Cosmetics", "Style & Fashion/Fashion", "Style & Fashion/Jewelry", "Technology & Computing", "Technology & Computing/Cameras & Camcorders", "Technology & Computing/Cell Phones", "Technology & Computing/Computer Certification", "Technology & Computing/Computer Networking", "Technology & Computing/Computer Peripherals", "Technology & Computing/Computer Security", "Technology & Computing/Computer Security/Antivirus Software", "Technology & Computing/Computer Security/Network Security", "Technology & Computing/Databases", "Technology & Computing/Graphics", "Technology & Computing/Graphics/3-D Graphics", "Technology & Computing/Graphics/Animation", "Technology & Computing/Graphics/Desktop Publishing", "Technology & Computing/Graphics/Desktop Video", "Technology & Computing/Graphics/Web Design/HTML", "Technology & Computing/Home Theater Systems", "Technology & Computing/Operating Systems", "Technology & Computing/Operating Systems/Linux", "Technology & Computing/Operating Systems/Mac OS", "Technology & Computing/Operating Systems/Unix", "Technology & Computing/Operating Systems/Windows", "Technology & Computing/Portable Device", "Technology & Computing/Programming", "Technology & Computing/Programming/C/C++", "Technology & Computing/Programming/Java", "Technology & Computing/Programming/JavaScript", "Technology & Computing/Programming/Visual Basic", "Travel", "Travel/Adventure Travel", "Travel/Africa", "Travel/Air Travel", "Travel/Asia", "Travel/Asia/Japan", "Travel/Australia & New Zealand", "Travel/Bed & Breakfasts", "Travel/Budget Travel", "Travel/Business Travel", "Travel/Camping", "Travel/Canada", "Travel/Caribbean", "Travel/Cruises", "Travel/Europe", "Travel/Europe/Eastern Europe", "Travel/Europe/France", "Travel/Europe/Greece", "Travel/Europe/Italy", "Travel/Europe/United Kingdom", "Travel/Honeymoons/Getaways", "Travel/Hotels", "Travel/Mexico & Central America", "Travel/National Parks", "Travel/South America", "Travel/Spas", "Travel/Theme Parks", "Travel/United States", "Travel/United States/California", "Travel/United States/Florida", "Travel/United States/Hawaii", "Travel/United States/Las Vegas, Nevada", "Travel/United States/Manhattan, New York", "Travel/United States/New England", "Travel/United States/Texas", "Travel/Weather"] 

tôi dọn dẹp các tập tin dữ liệu và tôi chia nó, để nó trông giống như thế này,

['Arts & Entertainment'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Animation & Comics'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Books & Literature'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Celebrity Gossip'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Fine Art'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Humor'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Movies'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Movies', 'Action'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Movies', 'Comedy'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Movies', 'Documentary'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Movies', 'Drama'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Movies', 'Horror'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Music'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Music', 'Alternative Music'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Music', 'Blues'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Music', 'Christian Music'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Music', 'Classic Rock'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Music', 'Classical Music'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Music', 'Country Music'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Music', 'Electronic Dance Music'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Music', 'Heavy Metal'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Music', 'Pop Music'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Music', 'Rap'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Radio Stations'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Television'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Television', 'Game Show'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Television', 'Kids'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Television', 'News'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Television', 'Reality'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Television', 'Science'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Television', 'Sitcom'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Television', 'Soap Opera'] 
['Arts & Entertainment', 'Television', 'Talk Show']... 

Bây giờ, tôi đang cố gắng để chuyển đổi danh sách các đối tượng vào một cuốn từ điển đó trông như thế này,

{ 
    "Arts & Entertainment": { 
     "Animation & Comics": {}, 
     "Books & Literature": {}, 
     "Celebrity Gossip": {}, 
     "Fine Art": {}, 
     "Humor": {}, 
     "Movies": { 
      "Horror": {}, 
      "Action": {}, 
      "Comedy": {}, ... 
     }, ... 
} 

vấn đề là tôi không thể figur Trong ví dụ trên, khóa phụ Phim có ba loại với nó, tuy nhiên khi tôi chạy mã của tôi, dưới đây nó chỉ có chìa khóa của "Horror" trong đó và đó là bởi vì Horror là phần tử cuối cùng trong phần tử cuối cùng của danh sách cuối cùng trong danh mục đó. Ví dụ về những gì tôi nhận được:

{ 
    "Arts & Entertainment": { 
     "Animation & Comics": {}, 
     "Books & Literature": {}, 
     "Celebrity Gossip": {}, 
     "Fine Art": {}, 
     "Humor": {}, 
     "Movies": { 
      "Horror": {} # notice there are no other categories in the movies section 
     }, ... 
} 

Mã Tôi đã thử:

def cleanup_contextweb(): 
    contextweb_file_path = directory_path + raw_file_names[1] 
    tree = {} 
    with open(contextweb_file_path, 'r') as contextweb_file: 
    cats = contextweb_file.read().replace('Manhattan, New York', 'Manhattan New York').replace('Las Vegas, Nevada', 'Las Vegas Nevada').replace('Celebrity/Gossip', 'Celebrity Gossip').replace('Atheism/Agnosticism', 'Atheism Agnosticism').replace('Pagan/Wiccan', 'Pagan Wiccan').split(',') 
    #cats = re.sub(r'"|\[|\]', '', cats) 
    cats = [map(str.strip, re.sub(r'"|\[|\]', '', cat).split('/')) for cat in cats] 
    cats = sorted(cats) 
    for cat in cats: 
     if len(cat) == 1: 
     tree[cat[0]] = {} 
     elif len(cat) == 2: 
     tree[cat[0]][cat[1]] = {} 
     elif len(cat) == 3: 
     tree[cat[0]][cat[1]] = {} 
     tree[cat[0]][cat[1]][cat[2]] = {} 
     elif len(cat) == 4: 
     tree[cat[0]][cat[1]] = {} 
     tree[cat[0]][cat[1]][cat[2]] = {} 
     tree[cat[0]][cat[1]][cat[2]][cat[3]] = {} 
    with open(directory_path + 'cleaned_' + raw_file_names[1], 'w') as contextweb_file_out: 
    json.dump(tree, contextweb_file_out, sort_keys=True, indent=4) 

    return json.dumps(tree, sort_keys=True, indent=4) 

Như bạn sẽ thấy tôi đang cố gắng để xây dựng các từ điển mà tôi biết làm thế nào sâu (có bao nhiêu phím Tôi cần) Tôi dựa trên độ dài của danh sách được thông qua. Những thứ khác, tôi đã thử, nhưng đã xóa, bao gồm, sắp xếp danh sách các danh sách (cats) theo chiều dài của danh sách phụ và đảo ngược nó, để tất cả danh sách với 4 yếu tố sẽ được lặp lại lần đầu tiên. Tôi nghĩ rằng tôi có thể xây dựng các phím lên theo cách đó bởi vì chìa khóa sẽ tồn tại cho các cấp thấp hơn. Điều đó không thực sự hữu ích.

Answer 1

Đây là những gì nó trông giống như với đệ quy:

data = [ 
    ['Arts & Entertainment'], 
    ['Arts & Entertainment', 'Animation & Comics'], 
    ...,  # full data list elided for readability 
    ['Arts & Entertainment', 'Television', 'Talk Show'] 
] 

def classify(in_list): 
    sub_dict = {} 

    label_set = set([category[0] for category in in_list]) 
    for label in label_set: 
     # print label 
     sub_category = [sub[1:] for sub in in_list if sub[0] == label and len(sub) > 1] 
     # print sub_category 
     sub_dict[label] = classify(sub_category) 

    return sub_dict 


print classify(data) 

Output (mà tôi không định dạng để có thể đọc):

{'Arts & Entertainment': {'Celebrity Gossip': {}, 'Humor': {}, 'Television': {'Game Show': {}, 'Kids': {}, 'Science': {}, 'Talk Show': {}, 'Sitcom': {}, 'Reality': {}, 'Soap Opera': {}, 'News': {}}, 'Animation & Comics': {}, 'Movies': {'Action': {}, 'Drama': {}, 'Horror': {}, 'Comedy': {}, 'Documentary': {}}, 'Radio Stations': {}, 'Music': {'Alternative Music': {}, 'Christian Music': {}, 'Electronic Dance Music': {}, 'Pop Music': {}, 'Country Music': {}, 'Classical Music': {}, 'Rap': {}, 'Heavy Metal': {}, 'Blues': {}, 'Classic Rock': {}}, 'Fine Art': {}, 'Books & Literature': {}}} 

Answer 2

Trên thực tế, một cho vòng lặp có thể sản xuất khá một giải pháp tốt đẹp quá :

>>> data 
[['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'], ['a', 'b', 'c'], ['a', 's', 'd'], ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e']] 
>>> tree = {} 
>>> for cats in data: 
...  curtree = tree 
...  for c in cats: 
...   curtree = curtree.setdefault(c, {}) 
... 
>>> tree 
{'a': {'s': {'d': {}}, 'b': {'c': {'d': {'e': {}}}}}} 

Phương thức .setdefault() đảm bảo rằng từ điển phụ được thêm vào nếu và chỉ i Khóa f (danh mục) chưa tồn tại trước đây.

curtree bắt đầu từ từ điển cơ sở tree và truyền tải/xây dựng cây bằng cách sử dụng danh mục.