Rất thú vị:
var JSON = require('circular-json');
console.log('1) ' + JSON.stringify(this, null, 2));
(function(){
console.log('2) ' + JSON.stringify(this, null, 2));
}());
(function(){
'use strict';
console.log('3) ' + JSON.stringify(this, null, 2));
}());
sẽ sản xuất:
1) {}
2) {
"global": "~",
"process": {
"title": "node",
"version": "v6.9.1",
"moduleLoadList": [
"Binding contextify",
"Binding natives",
"NativeModule events",
"NativeModule util",
"Binding uv",
"NativeModule buffer",
"Binding buffer",
"Binding util",
"NativeModule internal/util",
"NativeModule timers",
"Binding timer_wrap",
"NativeModule internal/linkedlist",
"NativeModule assert",
"NativeModule internal/process",
"Binding config",
"NativeModule internal/process/warning",
"NativeModule internal/process/next_tick",
"NativeModule internal/process/promises",
"NativeModule internal/process/stdio",
"Binding constants",
"NativeModule path",
"NativeModule module",
"NativeModule internal/module",
"NativeModule vm",
"NativeModule fs",
"Binding fs",
"NativeModule stream",
"NativeModule _stream_readable",
"NativeModule internal/streams/BufferList",
"NativeModule _stream_writable",
"NativeModule _stream_duplex",
"NativeModule _stream_transform",
"NativeModule _stream_passthrough",
"Binding fs_event_wrap",
"NativeModule console",
"Binding tty_wrap",
"NativeModule tty",
"NativeModule net",
"NativeModule internal/net",
"Binding cares_wrap",
"Binding tcp_wrap",
"Binding pipe_wrap",
"Binding stream_wrap",
"Binding signal_wrap"
],
"versions": {
"http_parser": "2.7.0",
"node": "6.9.1",
"v8": "5.1.281.84",
"uv": "1.9.1",
"zlib": "1.2.8",
"ares": "1.10.1-DEV",
"icu": "57.1",
"modules": "48",
"openssl": "1.0.2j"
},
"arch": "x64",
"platform": "linux",
"release": {
"name": "node",
"lts": "Boron",
"sourceUrl": "https://nodejs.org/download/release/v6.9.1/node-v6.9.1.tar.gz",
"headersUrl": "https://nodejs.org/download/release/v6.9.1/node-v6.9.1-headers.tar.gz"
},
"argv": [
"/usr/local/bin/node",
"/home/froth/freelancer-projects/thistest.js"
],
"execArgv": [],
"env": {
"NVM_DIR": "/home/froth/.nvm",
"LD_LIBRARY_PATH": "/opt/opencascade/lib",
"CSF_UnitsDefinition": "/opt/opencascade/src/UnitsAPI/Units.dat",
"CSF_GraphicShr": "/opt/opencascade/lib/libTKOpenGl.so",
"CSF_EXCEPTION_PROMPT": "1",
"LANG": "de_DE.UTF-8",
"PROFILEHOME": "",
"DISPLAY": ":0",
"SHELL_SESSION_ID": "09b6f0f3b1d94c5f8aba3f8022075677",
"NODE_PATH": "/usr/lib/node_modules",
"COLORTERM": "truecolor",
"NVM_CD_FLAGS": "",
"MOZ_PLUGIN_PATH": "/usr/lib/mozilla/plugins",
"CSF_IGESDefaults": "/opt/opencascade/src/XSTEPResource",
"CSF_XCAFDefaults": "/opt/opencascade/src/StdResource",
"XDG_VTNR": "1",
"PAM_KWALLET5_LOGIN": "/tmp/kwallet5_froth.socket",
"CSF_STEPDefaults": "/opt/opencascade/src/XSTEPResource",
"XDG_SESSION_ID": "c2",
"CSF_XSMessage": "/opt/opencascade/src/XSMessage",
"USER": "froth",
"DESKTOP_SESSION": "/usr/share/xsessions/awesome",
"GTK2_RC_FILES": "/home/froth/.gtkrc-2.0",
"PWD": "/home/froth/freelancer-projects",
"HOME": "/home/froth",
"XDG_SESSION_TYPE": "x11",
"CSF_PluginDefaults": "/opt/opencascade/src/StdResource",
"XDG_DATA_DIRS": "/usr/local/share/:/usr/share/:/var/lib/snapd/desktop",
"NVM_IOJS_ORG_MIRROR": "https://iojs.org/dist",
"KONSOLE_DBUS_SESSION": "/Sessions/1",
"XDG_SESSION_DESKTOP": "",
"CSF_StandardDefaults": "/opt/opencascade/src/StdResource",
"CSF_StandardLiteDefaults": "/opt/opencascade/src/StdResource",
"MMGT_CLEAR": "1",
"KONSOLE_DBUS_WINDOW": "/Windows/1",
"CSF_UnitsLexicon": "/opt/opencascade/src/UnitsAPI/Lexi_Expr.dat",
"GTK_MODULES": "canberra-gtk-module",
"MAIL": "/var/spool/mail/froth",
"NVM_RC_VERSION": "",
"CSF_XmlOcafResource": "/opt/opencascade/src/XmlOcafResource",
"TERM": "xterm-256color",
"SHELL": "/bin/bash",
"KONSOLE_DBUS_SERVICE": ":1.23",
"XDG_SESSION_CLASS": "user",
"XDG_SEAT_PATH": "/org/freedesktop/DisplayManager/Seat0",
"XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP": "",
"QT_LINUX_ACCESSIBILITY_ALWAYS_ON": "1",
"KONSOLE_PROFILE_NAME": "Shell",
"CASROOT": "/opt/opencascade",
"NVM_NODEJS_ORG_MIRROR": "https://nodejs.org/dist",
"COLORFGBG": "15;0",
"XDG_SEAT": "seat0",
"SHLVL": "2",
"LANGUAGE": "",
"WINDOWID": "29360134",
"LOGNAME": "froth",
"DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS": "unix:path=/run/user/1000/bus",
"XDG_RUNTIME_DIR": "/run/user/1000",
"CSF_MDTVTexturesDirectory": "/opt/opencascade/src/Textures",
"XAUTHORITY": "/home/froth/.Xauthority",
"XDG_SESSION_PATH": "/org/freedesktop/DisplayManager/Session1",
"PATH": "/home/froth/.gem/ruby/2.3.0/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/snap/bin:/usr/lib/jvm/default/bin:/opt/opencascade/bin:/usr/bin/site_perl:/usr/bin/vendor_perl:/usr/bin/core_perl",
"CSF_LANGUAGE": "us",
"CSF_SHMessage": "/opt/opencascade/src/SHMessage",
"OLDPWD": "/home/froth",
"_": "/usr/local/bin/node"
},
"pid": 4658,
"features": {
"debug": false,
"uv": true,
"ipv6": true,
"tls_npn": true,
"tls_alpn": true,
"tls_sni": true,
"tls_ocsp": true,
"tls": true
},
"_needImmediateCallback": false,
"execPath": "/usr/local/bin/node",
"debugPort": 5858,
"_events": {
"SIGWINCH": [
null,
null
]
},
"_eventsCount": 4,
"domain": null,
"_exiting": false,
"config": {
"target_defaults": {
"cflags": [],
"default_configuration": "Release",
"defines": [],
"include_dirs": [],
"libraries": []
},
"variables": {
"asan": 0,
"debug_devtools": "node",
"force_dynamic_crt": 0,
"gas_version": "2.23",
"host_arch": "x64",
"icu_data_file": "icudt57l.dat",
"icu_data_in": "../../deps/icu-small/source/data/in/icudt57l.dat",
"icu_endianness": "l",
"icu_gyp_path": "tools/icu/icu-generic.gyp",
"icu_locales": "en,root",
"icu_path": "deps/icu-small",
"icu_small": true,
"icu_ver_major": "57",
"node_byteorder": "little",
"node_enable_d8": false,
"node_enable_v8_vtunejit": false,
"node_install_npm": true,
"node_module_version": 48,
"node_no_browser_globals": false,
"node_prefix": "/",
"node_release_urlbase": "https://nodejs.org/download/release/",
"node_shared": false,
"node_shared_cares": false,
"node_shared_http_parser": false,
"node_shared_libuv": false,
"node_shared_openssl": false,
"node_shared_zlib": false,
"node_tag": "",
"node_use_bundled_v8": true,
"node_use_dtrace": false,
"node_use_etw": false,
"node_use_lttng": false,
"node_use_openssl": true,
"node_use_perfctr": false,
"node_use_v8_platform": true,
"openssl_fips": "",
"openssl_no_asm": 0,
"shlib_suffix": "so.48",
"target_arch": "x64",
"uv_parent_path": "/deps/uv/",
"uv_use_dtrace": false,
"v8_enable_gdbjit": 0,
"v8_enable_i18n_support": 1,
"v8_inspector": true,
"v8_no_strict_aliasing": 1,
"v8_optimized_debug": 0,
"v8_random_seed": 0,
"v8_use_snapshot": true,
"want_separate_host_toolset": 0
}
},
"stdout": {
"connecting": false,
"_hadError": false,
"_handle": {
"bytesRead": 0,
"_externalStream": {},
"fd": 9,
"writeQueueSize": 0,
"owner": "~process~stdout"
},
"_parent": null,
"_host": null,
"_readableState": {
"objectMode": false,
"highWaterMark": 16384,
"buffer": {
"head": null,
"tail": null,
"length": 0
},
"length": 0,
"pipes": null,
"pipesCount": 0,
"flowing": null,
"ended": false,
"endEmitted": false,
"reading": false,
"sync": true,
"needReadable": false,
"emittedReadable": false,
"readableListening": false,
"resumeScheduled": false,
"defaultEncoding": "utf8",
"ranOut": false,
"awaitDrain": 0,
"readingMore": false,
"decoder": null,
"encoding": null
},
"readable": false,
"domain": null,
"_events": {},
"_eventsCount": 3,
"_writableState": {
"objectMode": false,
"highWaterMark": 16384,
"needDrain": false,
"ending": false,
"ended": false,
"finished": false,
"decodeStrings": false,
"defaultEncoding": "utf8",
"length": 0,
"writing": false,
"corked": 0,
"sync": false,
"bufferProcessing": false,
"writecb": null,
"writelen": 0,
"bufferedRequest": null,
"lastBufferedRequest": null,
"pendingcb": 1,
"prefinished": false,
"errorEmitted": false,
"bufferedRequestCount": 0,
"corkedRequestsFree": {
"next": null,
"entry": null
}
},
"writable": true,
"allowHalfOpen": false,
"destroyed": false,
"_bytesDispatched": 6,
"_sockname": null,
"_writev": null,
"_pendingData": null,
"_pendingEncoding": "",
"server": null,
"_server": null,
"columns": 84,
"rows": 84,
"_type": "tty",
"fd": 1,
"_isStdio": true
},
"stderr": {
"connecting": false,
"_hadError": false,
"_handle": {
"bytesRead": 0,
"_externalStream": {},
"fd": 11,
"writeQueueSize": 0,
"owner": "~process~stderr"
},
"_parent": null,
"_host": null,
"_readableState": {
"objectMode": false,
"highWaterMark": 16384,
"buffer": {
"head": null,
"tail": null,
"length": 0
},
"length": 0,
"pipes": null,
"pipesCount": 0,
"flowing": null,
"ended": false,
"endEmitted": false,
"reading": false,
"sync": true,
"needReadable": false,
"emittedReadable": false,
"readableListening": false,
"resumeScheduled": false,
"defaultEncoding": "utf8",
"ranOut": false,
"awaitDrain": 0,
"readingMore": false,
"decoder": null,
"encoding": null
},
"readable": false,
"domain": null,
"_events": {},
"_eventsCount": 3,
"_writableState": {
"objectMode": false,
"highWaterMark": 16384,
"needDrain": false,
"ending": false,
"ended": false,
"finished": false,
"decodeStrings": false,
"defaultEncoding": "utf8",
"length": 0,
"writing": false,
"corked": 0,
"sync": true,
"bufferProcessing": false,
"writecb": null,
"writelen": 0,
"bufferedRequest": null,
"lastBufferedRequest": null,
"pendingcb": 0,
"prefinished": false,
"errorEmitted": false,
"bufferedRequestCount": 0,
"corkedRequestsFree": {
"next": null,
"entry": null
}
},
"writable": true,
"allowHalfOpen": false,
"destroyed": false,
"_bytesDispatched": 0,
"_sockname": null,
"_writev": null,
"_pendingData": null,
"_pendingEncoding": "",
"server": null,
"_server": null,
"columns": 84,
"rows": 84,
"_type": "tty",
"fd": 2,
"_isStdio": true
},
"stdin": {
"connecting": false,
"_hadError": false,
"_handle": {
"bytesRead": 0,
"_externalStream": {},
"fd": 12,
"writeQueueSize": 0,
"owner": "~process~stdin",
"reading": false
},
"_parent": null,
"_host": null,
"_readableState": {
"objectMode": false,
"highWaterMark": 0,
"buffer": {
"head": null,
"tail": null,
"length": 0
},
"length": 0,
"pipes": null,
"pipesCount": 0,
"flowing": null,
"ended": false,
"endEmitted": false,
"reading": false,
"sync": false,
"needReadable": true,
"emittedReadable": false,
"readableListening": false,
"resumeScheduled": false,
"defaultEncoding": "utf8",
"ranOut": false,
"awaitDrain": 0,
"readingMore": false,
"decoder": null,
"encoding": null
},
"readable": true,
"domain": null,
"_events": {},
"_eventsCount": 4,
"_writableState": {
"objectMode": false,
"highWaterMark": 0,
"needDrain": false,
"ending": false,
"ended": false,
"finished": false,
"decodeStrings": false,
"defaultEncoding": "utf8",
"length": 0,
"writing": false,
"corked": 0,
"sync": true,
"bufferProcessing": false,
"writecb": null,
"writelen": 0,
"bufferedRequest": null,
"lastBufferedRequest": null,
"pendingcb": 0,
"prefinished": false,
"errorEmitted": false,
"bufferedRequestCount": 0,
"corkedRequestsFree": {
"next": null,
"entry": null
}
},
"writable": false,
"allowHalfOpen": false,
"destroyed": false,
"_bytesDispatched": 0,
"_sockname": null,
"_writev": null,
"_pendingData": null,
"_pendingEncoding": "",
"server": null,
"_server": null,
"isRaw": false,
"isTTY": true,
"fd": 0
},
"argv0": "node",
"mainModule": {
"id": ".",
"exports": {},
"parent": null,
"filename": "/home/froth/freelancer-projects/thistest.js",
"loaded": false,
"children": [
{
"id": "/home/froth/freelancer-projects/node_modules/circular-json/build/circular-json.node.js",
"exports": {},
"parent": "~process~mainModule",
"filename": "/home/froth/freelancer-projects/node_modules/circular-json/build/circular-json.node.js",
"loaded": true,
"children": [],
"paths": [
"/home/froth/freelancer-projects/node_modules/circular-json/build/node_modules",
"/home/froth/freelancer-projects/node_modules/circular-json/node_modules",
"/home/froth/freelancer-projects/node_modules",
"/home/froth/node_modules",
"/home/node_modules",
"/node_modules"
]
}
],
"paths": [
"/home/froth/freelancer-projects/node_modules",
"/home/froth/node_modules",
"/home/node_modules",
"/node_modules"
]
}
},
"console": {}
}
3) undefined
Trong 3)
đây là không xác định vì nó không được autoboxed đến một đối tượng trong chế độ nghiêm ngặt. Điều đó có nghĩa là không có đối tượng gốc trong ngữ cảnh này. Nếu bạn không sử dụng chế độ nghiêm ngặt thì mã của bạn được đóng bởi một phạm vi cha mẹ. Bạn có thể thấy trong đầu ra, bên trong nodejs có rất nhiều thông tin về nội dung của nút.
Trong 1)
đầu ra là một đối tượng rỗng vì trong mã cấp cao nhất trong mô-đun nút, điều này tương đương với mô-đun.exports và mô-đun.exports trống trong ví dụ này.
Hãy xem: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/22770299/meaning-of-this-in-node-js-modules-and-functions –