Spring @Autowired Not Working Error Tạo Bean Injection Of Autowire dependencies failed

Question

Tôi sử dụng Spring và tôi gặp rất nhiều rắc rối khi sử dụng chú thích @Autowired. Khi biên dịch nó sẽ ném những lỗi này EDIT Tôi đang sử dụng các lớp học java thông thường để viết các lớp học của mình. Điều này không gây ra vấn đề, phải không?

Aug 12, 2013 2:40:32 PM org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log 
INFO: No Spring WebApplicationInitializer types detected on classpath 
Aug 12, 2013 2:40:32 PM org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log 
INFO: Initializing Spring root WebApplicationContext 
Aug 12, 2013 2:40:33 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext listenerStart 
SEVERE: Exception sending context initialized event to listener instance of class org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener 
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'homeController': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: com.mycompany.smsdatabase.service.PersonImport com.mycompany.smsdatabase.controller.HomeController.personImport; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [com.mycompany.smsdatabase.service.PersonImport] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)} 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:287) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1106) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:517) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:456) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:294) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:225) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:291) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:193) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:585) 
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:913) 
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:464) 
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:384) 
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:283) 
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:111) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4887) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5381) 
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:901) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:877) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:633) 
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDescriptor(HostConfig.java:657) 
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:536) 
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.check(HostConfig.java:1462) 
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) 
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) 
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) 
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601) 
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:301) 
    at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:819) 
    at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:791) 
    at org.apache.catalina.manager.ManagerServlet.check(ManagerServlet.java:1445) 
    at org.apache.catalina.manager.ManagerServlet.deploy(ManagerServlet.java:860) 
    at org.apache.catalina.manager.ManagerServlet.doGet(ManagerServlet.java:357) 
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:621) 
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:728) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:305) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210) 
    at org.apache.catalina.filters.SetCharacterEncodingFilter.doFilter(SetCharacterEncodingFilter.java:108) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:243) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:222) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:123) 
    at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:581) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:171) 
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:99) 
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:953) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:118) 
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:408) 
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1008) 
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:589) 
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:312) 
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1110) 
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:603) 
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722) 
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: com.mycompany.smsdatabase.service.PersonImport com.mycompany.smsdatabase.controller.HomeController.personImport; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [com.mycompany.smsdatabase.service.PersonImport] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)} 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:506) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:284) 
    ... 53 more 
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [com.mycompany.smsdatabase.service.PersonImport] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)} 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:924) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:793) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:707) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:478) 
    ... 55 more 

Aug 12, 2013 2:40:33 PM org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log 
INFO: Closing Spring root WebApplicationContext 

HomeController.java

package com.mycompany.smsdatabase.controller; 

import com.mycompany.smsdatabase.domain.Person; 
import com.mycompany.smsdatabase.repositories.PersonRepository; 
import com.mycompany.smsdatabase.service.PersonImport; 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 
import org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext; 
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; 
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; 
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; 

@Controller 
public class HomeController { 
    @Autowired 
    PersonImport personImport; 

    @RequestMapping(value = "/", method = RequestMethod.GET) 
    public String Home() 
    { 
     return "index"; 
    } 
} 

PersonImport.java

package com.mycompany.smsdatabase.service; 
import com.mycompany.smsdatabase.domain.Person; 
import com.mycompany.smsdatabase.repositories.PersonRepository; 
import javax.transaction.Transaction; 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; 
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; 
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; 

@Service 
public class PersonImport { 
    @Autowired 
    private PersonRepository PersonRepository; 

    public Person doImportPerson(String id) 
    { 
     Person person = PersonRepository.findById(id); 
     if (person == null) { 
      person = new Person(id,"anthony"); 
     } 
     PersonRepository.save(person); 
     System.out.println("+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++hello+++++++++++++"); 
     return person; 
    } 
} 

PersonRepository.java

import com.mycompany.smsdatabase.domain.Person; 
import org.springframework.data.neo4j.core.GraphDatabase; 
import org.springframework.data.neo4j.repository.GraphRepository; 
import org.springframework.data.neo4j.repository.NamedIndexRepository; 

public interface PersonRepository extends GraphRepository<Person>, NamedIndexRepository<Person>{ 
    Person findById(String id); 
} 

Person.java

package com.mycompany.smsdatabase.domain; 
import java.util.Date; 
import org.springframework.data.neo4j.annotation.GraphId; 
import org.springframework.data.neo4j.annotation.Indexed; 
import org.springframework.data.neo4j.annotation.NodeEntity; 
import org.springframework.data.neo4j.support.index.IndexType; 

@NodeEntity 
public class Person { 
    @GraphId Long nodeId; 
    @Indexed(unique=true) 
    String id; 
    @Indexed(indexType=IndexType.FULLTEXT, indexName = "people") 
    String name; 
    private Date birthday; 

    public Person(String id, String name) 
    { 
     this.id = id; 
     this.name = name; 
    } 
    public String getId() { 
     return id; 
    } 

    public String getName() { 
     return name; 
    } 

    public void setName(String name) { 
     this.name = name; 
    } 
    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) { 
     this.birthday = birthday; 
    } 
} 

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 

<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" 
    version="3.0"> 

    <context-param> 
     <param-name>contextClass</param-name> 
     <param-value>org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext</param-value> 
    </context-param> 

    <!-- Location of Java @Configuration classes that configure the components that makeup this application --> 
    <context-param> 
     <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> 
     <param-value>com.mycompany.smsdatabase.controller 
        /WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml 
     </param-value> 
    </context-param> 

    <!-- Creates the Spring Container shared by all Servlets and Filters --> 
    <listener> 
     <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> 
    </listener> 

    <!-- Ensure UTF-8 character encoding is used --> 
    <filter> 
     <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> 
     <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> 
     <init-param> 
      <param-name>encoding</param-name> 
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> 
     </init-param> 
     <init-param> 
      <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> 
      <param-value>true</param-value> 
     </init-param> 
    </filter> 

    <filter-mapping> 
     <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> 
     <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> 
    </filter-mapping> 

    <!-- Enables support for DELETE and PUT request methods with web browser clients --> 
    <filter> 
     <filter-name>hiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name> 
     <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class> 
    </filter> 

    <filter-mapping> 
     <filter-name>hiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name> 
     <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> 
    </filter-mapping> 

    <servlet> 
     <servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name> 
     <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> 
     <init-param> 
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> 
      <param-value>/WEB-INF/dispatcherServlet.xml</param-value> 
     </init-param> 
     <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> 
    </servlet> 

    <servlet-mapping> 
     <servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name> 
     <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> 
    </servlet-mapping> 

    <servlet> 
     <servlet-name>H2Console</servlet-name> 
     <servlet-class>org.h2.server.web.WebServlet</servlet-class> 
     <init-param> 
      <param-name>-webAllowOthers</param-name> 
      <param-value>true</param-value> 
     </init-param> 
     <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup> 
    </servlet> 

    <servlet-mapping> 
     <servlet-name>H2Console</servlet-name> 
     <url-pattern>/admin/h2/*</url-pattern> 
    </servlet-mapping> 

    <session-config> 
     <session-timeout> 
      30 
     </session-timeout> 
    </session-config> 
</web-app> 

DispatchServlet.xml

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xsi:schemaLocation=" 
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd"> 

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.mycompany.smsdatabase" /> 

    <bean 
     class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> 
     <property name="prefix"> 
      <value>/WEB-INF/</value> 
     </property> 
     <property name="suffix"> 
      <value>.jsp</value> 
     </property> 
    </bean> 

</beans> 

Application context.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
     xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
     xmlns:neo4j="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/neo4j" 
     xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" 
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/neo4j 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/neo4j/spring-neo4j.xsd 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"> 

    <context:annotation-config/> 
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.mycompany.smsdatabase"> 
     <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/> 
    </context:component-scan> 

    <context:spring-configured/> 

    <bean 
class="org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor"/> 

    <neo4j:config storeDirectory="target/data/graph.db"/> 
    <neo4j:repositories base-package="com.mycompany.smsdatabase.repositories"/> 

    <bean id="graphDatabaseService" class="org.neo4j.test.ImpermanentGraphDatabase" destroy-method="shutdown"/> 
    <tx:annotation-driven mode="proxy"/> 
</beans> 

Answer 1

Nó là rất rõ ràng ngay từ ngoại lệ đó, không đậu là có sẵn loại PersonImport trong bối cảnh ứng dụng của bạn. Khai báo bean nhập của người trong tệp cấu hình của bạn và sau đó thử.

<bean id="personImport" class="com.mycompany.smsdatabase.service.PersonImport"/> 

Answer 2

Cố gắng để làm cho giao diện PersonImport và đổi tên lớp PersonImport-PersonImportImpl implements PersonImport.

Answer 3

Xóa 'loại trừ bộ lọc' khỏi cấu hình Spring của bạn. Việc này sẽ báo cho Spring bỏ qua tất cả các lớp được chú thích của Bộ điều khiển. Vì vậy, HomeController sẽ không được tiêm với bất kỳ đối tượng Autowired nào.

Answer 4

Tôi gặp sự cố tương tự và đã tìm ra giải pháp.

Vấn đề là lớp học của bạn được ủy quyền (hoặc bằng @transactional hoặc một cái gì đó tương tự). Mùa xuân không thể nói rằng proxy này là một thể hiện của lớp của bạn, vì điều này được ủy quyền cho một giao diện.

Tôi đã tìm thấy hai giải pháp:

1. tạo interface PersonImport và @Autowire nó thay vì lớp.
2. Sử dụng: proxy-target-class="true" trong <tx:annotation-driven>

Answer 5

Chỉ cần thêm dòng sau vào đậu tập tin hệ thống dây điện XML của bạn (contextConfigLocation)

<bean id="name of the object" class="com.java.model.FirstModelImple" /> 

trong trường hợp của tôi đây là hữu ích và giải quyết ma vấn đề/Exception